Advent of Code: Day 9

• Problem

Part 1

library(tidyverse)

## remove the character following !
rm_cancel <- function(x) {
    gsub("!.{1}", "", x)
}

## remove anything in between < >
rm_garbage <- function(x) {
    gsub("<.*?>", "", x)    
}

## calculate the score: { have an increasing weight as they are getting nested
## so we create a vector with a score of 1 when we encounter { and a score of -1
## when we encounter }. The cumulative sum of the positions with a { will give
## us the score.
get_score <- function(x) {
    x <- rm_cancel(x)
    x <- rm_garbage(x)
    x <- strsplit(x, "")[[1]]
    pos <- integer(length(x))
    pos[grep("\\{", x)] <- 1
    pos[grep("\\}", x)] <- -1
    sum(cumsum(pos)[grepl("\\{", x)])
}


## test rm_cancel
test_cancel <- tribble(
    ~ input, ~ output,
    "<>",             "<>",
    "<rnd, rnd>",     "<rnd, rnd>",
    "<<<<>",          "<<<<>",
    "<{!>}>",         "<{}>",
    "<!!>",           "<>",
    "<!!!>>",         "<>",
    '<{o"i!a,<{i<a>', '<{o"i,<{i<a>')

expect_true({
    test_cancel %>%
        mutate(res = rm_cancel(input),
               test_res = res == output) %>%
        pull(test_res) %>%
        all()
})

## test rm_garbage
test_grps <- tribble(
    ~ input, ~ output, ~ n_grp, 
    "{}",   "{}", 1,
    "{{{}}}", "{{{}}}", 3,
    "{{},{}}", "{{},{}}", 3,
    "{{{},{},{{}}}}", "{{{},{},{{}}}}", 6,
    "{<{},{},{{}}>}", "{}", 1,
    "{<a>,<a>,<a>,<a>}", "{,,,}", 1,
    "{{<a>},{<a>},{<a>},{<a>}}", "{{},{},{},{}}", 5,
    "{{<!>},{<!>},{<!>},{<a>}}", "{{}}", 2
)

expect_true({
    test_grps %>%
        mutate(res = rm_garbage(rm_cancel(input)),
               test_res = res == output) %>%
        pull(test_res) %>%
        all()    
})

## test get_score
test_scores <- tribble(
    ~input,  ~score, 
    "{}",    1, 
    "{{{}}}", 6, 
    "{{},{}}", 5, 
    "{{{},{},{{}}}}", 16, 
    "{<a>,<a>,<a>,<a>}", 1,  
    "{{<ab>},{<ab>},{<ab>},{<ab>}}",  9, 
    "{{<!!>},{<!!>},{<!!>},{<!!>}}",  9, 
    "{{<a!>},{<a!>},{<a!>},{<ab>}}", 3
)

expect_true(
    test_scores %>%
    mutate(res = map_dbl(input, ~ get_score(.)),
           test_res = res == score) %>%
    pull(test_res) %>% all()
)

## puzzle input
puzzle_input <- readLines("advent-data/2017-12-09-advent-day9.txt")
get_score(puzzle_input)

## [1] 16021

Part 2

We can’t quite get the answer to this question with what we have because we fully remove the garbage, and we don’t know how many times we do it, so there is no good way of just counting the number of characters within <>. Instead we use gregexpr that stores the match length of the regular expression, and remove 2 (for <>) to each value before getting the sum.

garbage_size <- function(x) {
    grbg <- gregexpr("<.*?>", rm_cancel(x))
    sum(attr(grbg[[1]], "match.length") - 2)
}

garbage_size(puzzle_input)

## [1] 7685